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KMID : 1812020220280020283
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Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
2022 Volume.28 No. 2 p.283 ~ p.290
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Self-reported Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity in the Korean Population: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
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Cha Ra-Ri
Kim Jeong-Hwan
Koo Hoon-Sup
Jung Kee-Wook
Min Yang-Won
Choi Chang-Hwan
Ryu Han-Seung
Kwon Yong-Hwan
Cho Dae-Hyeon
Kwon Joong-Goo
Park Kyung-Sik
Kim Hyun-Jin
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Abstract
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Background/Aims: Non-celiac gluten sensitivity is characterized by intestinal and extra intestinal symptoms associated with the consumption of gluten-containing food. Since biomarkers for non-celiac gluten sensitivity are lacking, its prevalence is estimated based on self-reported symptoms. However, no data exist on self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity in the Korean population. Thus, we aim to investigate the prevalence of self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity in the Korean population and to determine its demographic and clinical characteristics.
Methods: This study surveyed Korean participants aged 18-80 years who visited gastroenterology outpatient clinics at 9 tertiary hospitals in South Korea from January 2016 to February 2017. They were questioned regarding symptoms related to gluten ingestion: degree of discomfort (visual analog scale score), frequency, time of symptom onset, and duration. Abdominal discomfort caused by 11 different kinds of gluten-containing Korean food items was investigated.
Results: More non-celiac gluten sensitivity self-reporters were identified among those with irritable bowel syndrome (33.6%) than among controls (5.8%). Major gastrointestinal symptoms included bloating (75.0%), abdominal discomfort (71.3%), and belching (45.0%). Common extra-intestinal symptoms included fatigue (20.0%) and headache (13.7%). More than half of those who self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity (66.3%) developed symptoms within 1 hour of food ingestion, and symptoms were localized in the upper abdomen (37.5%) and entire abdomen (30.0%).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that if there are gluten-related symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome, the possibility of accompanying non-celiac gluten sensitivity should be considered.
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KEYWORD
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Celiac disease, Gastrointestinal diseases, Korea, Wheat hypersensitivity
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